Manipulation and navigation of micro and nanoswimmers in different fluid environments can
be achieved by chemicals, external fields, or even motile cells. Many researchers have …

3D printing (also called “additive manufacturing” or “rapid prototyping”) is able to translate
computer-aided and designed virtual 3D models into 3D tangible constructs/objects through …

Recently, the realization of minimally invasive medical interventions on targeted tissues
using wireless small‐scale medical robots has received an increasing attention. For effective …

Untethered small-scale machines (USSMs) that can actively adjust their motion,
deformation, and collective states in response to external stimuli have gained enormous …

Inspired by bacterial flagella, helical micro-/nanomachines (H-MNMs) can achieve
controllable 3D movement by converting rotational motion to translation in a corkscrew …

Cancer is one of the most intractable diseases owing to its high mortality rate and lack of
effective diagnostic and treatment tools. Advancements in micro‐/nanorobot (MNR)‐assisted …

Since the pioneering work of Kawata and colleagues in 1997, multi‐photon 3D laser
printing, also known as direct laser writing, has made significant advancements in a wide …

Microrobots have received extensive attention in the past few decades, and the in-depth
research of micro-nano processing technology and micro-nano materials has promoted the …

A great deal of research has focused on small‐scale robots for biomedical applications and
minimally invasive delivery of therapeutics (eg, cells, drugs, and genes) to a target area …

Therapeutic agents, such as drugs and cells, play an essential role in virtually every
treatment of injury, illness, or disease. However, the conventional practices of drug delivery …