The first generation of stars, often called Population III (or Pop III), form from metal-free
primordial gas at redshifts z∼ 30 and below. They dominate the cosmic star-formation …

This review examines the state-of-the-art knowledge of high-mass star and massive cluster
formation, gained from ambitious observational surveys, which acknowledges the multiscale …

A new, more comprehensive model of gas–grain chemistry in hot molecular cores is
presented, in which nondiffusive reaction processes on dust-grain surfaces and in ice …

The presence of a nearby companion alters the evolution of massive stars in binary systems,
leading to phenomena such as stellar mergers, x-ray binaries, and gamma-ray bursts …

We review progress over the past decade in observations of large-scale star formation, with
a focus on the interface between extragalactic and Galactic studies. Methods of measuring …

Stellar multiplicity is a ubiquitous outcome of the star-formation process. The frequency and
main characteristics of multiple systems, and their dependence on primary mass and …

Multiplicity is one of the most fundamental observable properties of massive O-type stars
and offers a promising way to discriminate between massive star formation theories …

Understanding massive stars is essential for a variety of branches of astronomy including
galaxy and star cluster evolution, nucleosynthesis and supernovae, pulsars, and black …

Outflows from accreting, rotating, and magnetized systems are ubiquitous. Protostellar
outflows can be observed from radio to X-ray wavelengths in the continuum and a multitude …

The attempt to understand the physics of the structure of stars and their change in time–their
evolution–has been bothering many physicists and astronomers ever since the last century …