The striatum is essential for learning which actions lead to reward and for implementing
those actions. Decades of experimental and theoretical work have led to several influential …

The mesocorticolimbic pathway is canonically known as the" reward pathway." Embedded
within the center of this circuit is the striatum, a massive and complex network hub that …

Basal ganglia disorders are a heterogeneous group of clinical syndromes with a common
anatomic locus within the basal ganglia. To account for the variety of clinical manifestations …

The striatum, which is the major component of the basal ganglia in the brain, is regulated in
part by dopaminergic input from the substantia nigra. Severe movement disorders result …

The basal ganglia comprise several nuclei in the forebrain, diencephalon, and midbrain
thought to play a significant role in the control of posture and movement. It is well recognized …

The mammalian central nervous system (CNS) contains a remarkable array of neural cells,
each with a complex pattern of connections that together generate perceptions and higher …

It is widely recognized that the neural basis of brain function can be fully understood only by
integrating many disciplines at many levels. Studies of synaptic organization are bringing …

In addition to their well-known role in skeletal movements, the basal ganglia control
saccadic eye movements (saccades) by means of their connection to the superior colliculus …

Our understanding of the organization of the basal ganglia has advanced markedly over the
last 10 years, mainly due to increased knowledge of their anatomical, neurochemical and …

The striatum is composed principally of GABAergic, medium spiny striatal projection neurons
(MSNs) that can be categorized based on their gene expression, electrophysiological …