Cancer progression results from activation of various signaling networks. Among these,
PI3K/Akt signaling contributes to proliferation, invasion, and inhibition of apoptosis …

Among the different kinds of tumors threatening human life, lung cancer is one that is
commonly observed in both males and females. The aggressive behavior of lung cancer …

Metastasis of tumor cells is a complex challenge and significantly diminishes the overall
survival and prognosis of cancer patients. The epithelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) …

The macrophages are abundantly found in TME and their M2 polarization is in favor of tumor
malignancy. On the other hand, non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) can modulate macrophage …

Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) is a member of a family of secreted cytokines with
vital biological functions in cells. The abnormal expression of TGF-β signaling is a common …

The clinical management of bladder cancer (BC) has become an increasing challenge due
to high incidence rate of BC, malignant behavior of cancer cells and drug resistance. The …

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is considered one of the greatest challenges to human life
and is the most common form of liver cancer. Treatment of HCC depends on chemotherapy …

Abstract Changes in lifestyle such as physical activity and eating habits have been one of
the main reasons for development of various diseases in modern world, especially cancer …

Prostate carcinoma is a malignant situation that arises from genomic alterations in the
prostate, leading to changes in tumorigenesis. The NF-κB pathway modulates various …

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. A major contributing
factor to the poor survival rates in lung cancer is the high prevalence of metastasis at the …