Taurine (a sulfur-containing β-amino acid), creatine (a metabolite of arginine, glycine and
methionine), carnosine (a dipeptide; β-alanyl-l-histidine), and 4-hydroxyproline (an imino …

Carnosine is a dipeptide synthesized in the body from β-alanine and L-histidine. It is found
in high concentrations in the brain, muscle, and gastrointestinal tissues of humans and is …

Carbonyl stress is a condition characterized by an increase in the steady-state levels of
reactive carbonyl species (RCS) that leads to accumulation of their irreversible covalent …

Carnosine belongs to a family of histidyl dipeptides, consisting of l-histidine and beta-
alanine. It is more prevalent in the mammalian and human tissues, whereas its analogues …

Vascular complications are among the most serious manifestations of diabetes.
Atherosclerosis is the main cause of reduced life quality and expectancy in diabetics …

Reactive carbonyl species (RCS) may originate from the oxidation of unsaturated fatty acids
and sugar in conditions of pathology. They are known to have high reactivity towards DNA …

Compelling studies have established that the gut microbiome is a modifier of metabolic
health. Changes in the composition of the gut microbiome are influenced by genetics and …

Obesity and overnutrition increase levels of reactive sugar-and lipid-derived aldehydes
called reactive carbonyl species (RCS). Increased tissue and circulating RCS levels have …

We examined the absorption of balenine (Bal) in mouse blood after the administration of a
high-purity Bal prepared from opah muscle. Using HPLC with phenyl isothiocyanate pre …

l-carnosine (β-alanyl-l-histidine)(Car hereafter) is a natural dipeptide widely distributed in
mammalian tissues and reaching high concentrations (0.7–2.0 mM) in the brain. The …