A new incoherent scatter radar (ISR) has recently been dedicated at Sanya (SYISR), China
(geographic 18.34° N and 109.62° E) to detect the low‐latitude ionospheric plasma by …

Ion temperature is one of the key parameters that provides insight into the thermal balance
of the coupled ionosphere‐thermosphere system. Together with the temperatures of neutral …

Abstract Measurements from the Ionospheric Connections Explorer satellite (ICON) form the
basis of direct numerical forecast simulations of plasma convective instability in the …

In‐situ plasma density (Ne) and Over‐Satellite Electron Content (OSEC) measured at Low‐
Earth‐Orbit (LEO) are basic parameters for analyzing ionospheric plasma. In this study, we …

We present measurements of the equatorial topside ionosphere above Jicamarca made
during extremely low solar flux conditions during the deep solar minimum of 2019–2020 …

This study characterizes GNSS amplitude scintillations over an African equatorial station:
Addis Ababa (Lat 9.03° N, Lon 38.77° E, Mag. lat 0.18° N), Ethiopia during a five-year period …

Altitude variation of the topside ionospheric electron density or its scale height has been
widely investigated in the past. However, as the oxygen ion (O+) is an important indicator for …

In the equatorial region, the fraction of oxygen ions (O+) in the topside ionosphere contains
information on the source altitude of the plasma, which is controlled, in part, by the vertical …

Topside ionospheric profiles have been measured by Alouette 1 and ISIS 1/2 in the periods
of 1962–1972 and 1972–1979, respectively. The profiles cover from the orbital altitude of …

Abstract The Naval Research Laboratory Sami2 is Another Model of the Ionosphere (SAMI2)
ionosphere/plasmasphere code is used to examine the physics of ionosphere outflow from …