Nearly half a century has passed since the discovery of cytoplasmic inheritance of human
chloramphenicol resistance. The inheritance was then revealed to take place maternally by …

Abstract l-Tryptophan (Trp) metabolism through the kynurenine pathway (KP) is involved in
the regulation of immunity, neuronal function and intestinal homeostasis. Imbalances in Trp …

L-Tryptophan is an essential amino acid required for protein synthesis. It undergoes an
extensive and complex metabolism along several pathways, resulting in many bioactive …

METLIN originated as a database to characterize known metabolites and has since
expanded into a technology platform for the identification of known and unknown …

The kynurenine pathway (KP) of tryptophan (TRP) catabolism links immune system
activation with neurotransmitter signaling. The KP metabolite kynurenic acid (KYNA) is …

Highlights•Intestinal lactobacilli are often detected in untargeted gut microbiome
studies.•Depletion of intestinal Lactobacillus is frequently associated with …

Background Dysregulation of gut microbiota-associated tryptophan metabolism has been
observed in patients with multiple sclerosis. However, defining direct mechanistic links …

Progressive multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic disease with a unique pattern, which is
histologically classified into the subpial type 3 lesions in the autopsy. The lesion is also …

Metabolites produced by the host and microbiota play a crucial role in how human bodies
develop and remain healthy. Most of these metabolites are produced by microbiota and …

Neurodegenerative diseases are multifactorial, initiated by a series of the causative complex
which develops into a certain clinical picture. The pathogenesis and disease course vary …