Background: Medical application of nanotechnology is termed as Nanomedicine and is
widely used in healthcare industries. Nanotechnology has helped Physicians, Scientists and …

Most small-molecule drug candidates fail before entering the market, frequently because of
unexpected toxicity. Often, toxicity is detected only late in drug development, because many …

Background: Nanomedicine is increasingly used to treat various ailments. Biocompatibility of
nanomedicine is primarily governed by its properties such as bioavailability …

Gefitinib (GEF), an inhibitor of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase, is
widely used for the treatment of cancers, particularly non-small cell lung cancer. However, its …

Cytochromes are proteins that catalyze electron transfer reactions of well-known metabolic
pathways and are classified in various superfamilies. The CYP, or P450, superfamily …

Electrophilically reactive drug metabolites are implicated in many adverse drug reactions. In
this mechanism—termed bioactivation—metabolic enzymes convert drugs into reactive …

Purpose To determine the pharmacokinetics of radiolabeled copanlisib (BAY 80-6946) in
healthy male volunteers and to investigate the disposition and biotransformation of …

Screening for novel producer strains and enhanced therapeutic production at reduced cost
has been the focus of most of the biopharmaceutical industries. The obligation to carry out …

Pharmacokinetics and toxicokinetics studies rely on the quantitation of drugs and its
metabolites. Drug metabolism studies are based on the characterization of the structure of …

In vitro Biotransformation studies play a crucial role in drug discovery program that
determine the fate of the new chemical entities (NCE's). Enzyme rich matrices such as …