Obesity is a major risk factor for developing gallstone disease (GSD). Previous studies have
shown that obesity is associated with an elevated Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio in the gut …

Gallstone disease is a common pathology of the digestive system with nearly a 10–20%
incidence rate among adults. The mainstay of treatment is cholecystectomy, which is …

Gallstone disease (GSD) has, for many years, remained a high-cost, socially significant
public health problem. Over the past decade, a number of studies have been carried out …

The gut-liver axis describes the physiological interplay between the gut and the liver and
has important implications for the maintenance of health. Disruptions of this equilibrium are …

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is proved to be the main pathogenic agent of various diseases,
including chronic gastritis, gastric ulcer, duodenal ulcer, and gastric cancer. In addition …

The “Gut–Liver Axis” refers to the physiological bidirectional interplay between the gut and
its microbiota and the liver which, in health, occurs thanks to a condition of immune …

原发性肝内胆管结石(PIS) 是我国西南地区高发和难治性疾病, 在初始治疗后,
部分患者仍需要再次甚至多次手术. 近年来有大量研究发现部分特异性菌群能在肝内胆管定植 …

Background and Aims Biliary atresia is the most common cause of liver disease and liver
transplantation in children. The accumulation of bile acids in hepatocytes and the stimulation …

Throughout the course of infection, many pathogens encounter bactericidal conditions that
threaten the viability of the bacteria and impede the establishment of infection. Bile is one of …

Aims The emerging biliary colonization of microorganisms in patients with biliary diseases
may be devastating. Recent evidence suggests that age and gender may influence changes …