Phytophthora capsici is a highly dynamic and destructive pathogen of vegetables. It attacks
all cucurbits, pepper, tomato and eggplant, and, more recently, snap and lima beans. The …

Plant-associated organisms secrete proteins and other molecules to modulate plant defense
circuitry and enable colonization of plant tissue. Understanding the molecular function of …

Potato is produced on all continents except Antarctica and is the world's third most important
food crop. Potato production has increased dramatically in developing countries in the past …

Ustilago maydis is a ubiquitous pathogen of maize and a well-established model organism
for the study of plant–microbe interactions. This basidiomycete fungus does not use …

Potato is an important crop, grown worldwide. It suffers from many pests and diseases
among which late blight, caused by the oomycete Phytophthora infestans, is the worst. The …

Draft genome sequences have been determined for the soybean pathogen Phytophthora
sojae and the sudden oak death pathogen Phytophthora ramorum. Oömycetes such as …

The plant basal immune system can detect broadly present m icrobe-a ssociated m olecular
p atterns (MAMPs, also called PAMPs) and induce defenses, but adapted microbes express …

Potato (Solanum tuberosum) is the world's third-largest food crop. It severely suffers from
late blight, a devastating disease caused by Phytophthora infestans. This oomycete …

Bacterial, oomycete and fungal plant pathogens establish disease by translocation of
effector proteins into host cells, where they may directly manipulate host innate immunity. In …

Fungal and oomycete plant pathogens translocate effector proteins into host cells to
establish infection. However, virulence targets and modes of action of their effectors are …