Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are among the most common bacterial infections worldwide,
occurring in both community and healthcare settings. Although the clinical symptoms of UTIs …

A global increase in older individuals creates an increasing demand to understand
numerous healthcare challenges related to aging. This population is subject to changes in …

Background Neuroinflammation in spinal dorsal horn (SDH) plays an important role in the
pathogenesis of interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS). Mesenchymal stem cell …

Interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS) is a common chronic pelvic disorder with
sensory symptoms of urinary urgency, frequency, and pain, indicating a key role for …

Chronic pain is a serious debilitating condition that affects; 20% of the world's population.
Currently available drugs fail to produce effective pain relief in many patients and have dose …

Aging has multifaceted effects on the immune system, but how aging affects tissue-specific
immunity is not well-defined. Bladder diseases characterized by chronic inflammation are …

Shionone is a triterpenoid component derived from the herbal medicine Aster tataricus, and
it has been reported to possess marked anti-inflammatory properties. The activation of …

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a chronic gastrointestinal disorder characterized by
abdominal pain and altered bowel habit that affects~ 11% of the global population. Over the …

Interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS) is a multifactorial, chronic bladder
disorder with limited therapeutic options currently available. The present review provides an …

Aims Neuroinflammation in the spinal dorsal horn (SDH) region plays an important role in
the pathogenesis of interstitial cystitis (IC)/bladder pain syndrome (BPS). Oxidative stress is …