Tumor metastasis is a major contributor to the death of cancer patients. It is driven not only
by the intrinsic alterations in tumor cells, but also by the implicated cross-talk between …

Experimental models have often been at the origin of immunological paradigms such as the
M1/M2 dichotomy following macrophage polarization. However, this clear dichotomy in …

Purpose Tumor associated macrophages (TAMs) are considered with the capacity to have
both negative and positive effects on tumor growth. The prognostic value of TAM for survival …

Macrophages are a specialized class of innate immune cells with multifaceted roles in
modulation of the inflammatory response, homeostasis, and wound healing. While …

Folate receptors (FRα, FRβ and FRγ) are cysteine-rich cell-surface glycoproteins that bind
folate with high affinity to mediate cellular uptake of folate. Although expressed at very low …

The CCL2 chemokine mediates monocyte egress from bone marrow and recruitment into
inflamed tissues through interaction with the CCR2 chemokine receptor, and its expression …

Polymorphisms in the gene encoding the transcription factor IRF5 that lead to higher mRNA
expression are associated with many autoimmune diseases. Here we show that IRF5 …

Macrophages form a heterogeneous cell population displaying multiple functions, and can
be polarized into pro-(M1) or anti-inflammatory (M2) macrophages, by environmental factors …

Background Our laboratory and others reported that the stimulation of specific Toll-like
receptors (TLRs) affects the immune modulating responses of human multipotent …

Differentiation to different types of macrophages determines their distinct functions. Tumor-
associated macrophages (TAMs) promote tumorigenesis owing to their proangiogenic and …