The vertebrate control of locomotion involves all levels of the nervous system from cortex to
the spinal cord. Here, we aim to cover all main aspects of this complex behavior, from the …

Motor neurons (MNs) are neuronal cells located in the central nervous system (CNS)
controlling a variety of downstream targets. This function infers the existence of MN subtypes …

We have identified three members of a mouse gene family related to the Drosophila
segment polarity gene, hedgehog (h/t). Like h/t, they encode putative secreted proteins and …

We have cloned a cDNA encoding a novel polypeptide capable of inducing dorsal
development in Xenopus embryos. RNA transcripts from this clone rescue normal …

Abstract The protein Sonic hedgehog (Shh) controls patterning and growth during vertebrate
development. Here we demonstrate that it binds Patched (vPtc), which has been identified …

ABSTRACT A multigene family of paired-box-containing genes (Pax genes) has been
identified in the mouse. In this report, we describe the expression pattern of Pax-6 during …

Distinct classes of motor neurons and ventral interneurons are generated by the graded
signaling activity of Sonic hedgehog (Shh). Shh controls neuronal fate by establishing …

The segment polarity gene hedgehog (hh) encodes a novel signaling protein that mediates
local cell-cell interactions in the developing Drosophila embryo. Here we describe the …

Embryonic patterning in vertebrates is dependent upon the balance of inductive signals and
their specific antagonists. We show that Noggin, which encodes a bone morphogenetic …

The functioning of the nervous system depends upon the underlying detailed and highly
stereotyped patterns of neuronal connectivity. How these precise patterns of synaptic …