Tremendous progress has been made in the field of toxicology leading to the advance of
developmental toxicity assessment. Conventional animal models and in vitro two …

The delivery of therapeutic molecules to the brain remains an unsolved problem to the
researchers due to the existence of the blood–brain barrier (BBB), which halts the entry of …

The blood–brain barrier (BBB) is an efficient barrier for molecules and drugs. Multicellular
3D spheroids display reproducible BBB features and functions. The spheroids used here …

Brain cancer remains the deadliest cancer. The blood–brain barrier (BBB) is impenetrable to
most drugs and is a complex 3D network of multiple cell types including endothelial cells …

The neurovascular unit (NVU) is a complex functional and anatomical structure composed of
endothelial cells and their blood-brain barrier (BBB) forming tight junctions. It represents an …

Selenium (Se) is known to contribute to several vital physiological functions in mammals:
antioxidant defense, fertility, thyroid hormone metabolism, and immune response. Growing …

The physicochemical and optical properties of silver nanoparticles (SNPs) and gold
nanoparticles (GNPs) have allowed them to be employed for various biomedical …

Metal-based nanoparticles are widely used to deliver bioactive molecules and drugs to
improve cancer therapy. Several research works have highlighted the synthesis of gold and …

The potential uses of graphene-based nanomaterials (NMs) in various fields lead to the
concern about their neurotoxicity, considering that graphene-based NMs are capable to …

Nanomedicine has emerged as a promising therapeutic approach, but its translation to the
clinic has been hindered by the lack of cellular models to anticipate how tumor cells will …