Growing interest is awarded to the digitalization of the building permitting use case and
many works are developed about the topic. However, the subject is very complex and many …

Purpose This paper critically analysed 195 articles with the objectives of providing a clear
understanding of the current City Information Modelling (CIM) implementations, identifying …

Abstract 3D building models are an established instance of geospatial information in the
built environment, but their acquisition remains complex and topical. Approaches to …

Three-dimensional city models are increasingly being used for analyses and simulations. To
enable such applications, it is necessary to standardise semantically richer city models and …

The complexity of historical urban centres progressively needs a strategic improvement in
methods and the scale of knowledge concerning the vulnerability aspect of seismic risk. A …

Technologies and systems for indoor positioning, mapping, and navigation (IPMN) have
rapidly developed over the latest decade due to advanced radio and light communications …

In the wide scenario of heritage documentation and conservation, the multi-scale nature of
digital models is able to twin the real object, as well as to store information and record …

Advances in semantic 3D modelling of civic spaces, as well as the need for the utilisation of
spatial information in 3D environments, have brought out a series of shortcomings in the …

In both the Geospatial (Geo) and Building Information Modelling (BIM) domains, it is widely
acknowledged that the integration of geo-data and BIM-data is beneficial and a crucial step …

Abstract Industry Foundation Classes (IFC), the buildingSMART open standard for BIM, is
underused with respect to its promising potential, since, according to the experience of …