The hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA) glycoproteins of influenza A virus are
responsible for the surface interactions of the virion with the host. Entry of the virus is …

Influenza A viruses (IAVs) occasionally cross the species barrier and adapt to novel host
species. This requires readjustment of the functional balance of the sialic acid receptor …

Antibodies to the hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA) glycoproteins are the major
mediators of protection against influenza virus infection. Here, we report that current …

Establishment of zoonotic viruses, causing pandemics like the Spanish flu and Covid-19,
requires adaptation to human receptors. Pandemic influenza A viruses (IAV) that crossed the …

Influenza A virus (IAV) enters cells by binding to sialic acid on the cell surface. To
accomplish this while avoiding immobilization by sialic acid in host mucus, viruses rely on a …

Seasonal influenza A and B viruses are important human pathogens responsible for
significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. In addition, influenza A zoonotic viruses are a …

Interactions of influenza A virus (IAV) with sialic acid (SIA) receptors determine viral fitness
and host tropism. Binding to mucus decoy receptors and receptors on epithelial host cells is …

Biological, physical and chemical interaction between one (or more) microorganisms and a
host organism, causing host cell damage, represents an infection. Infection of a plant, animal …

Understanding how influenza viruses traverse the mucus and recognize host cells is critical
for evaluating their zoonotic potential, and for prevention and treatment of the disease. The …

Surface plasmon resonance and biolayer interferometry are two common real-time and label-
free assays that quantify binding events by providing kinetic parameters. There is increased …