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Before 1945, Streptococcus pneumoniae caused more than 90% of cases of pneumonia in
adults. After 1950, the proportion of pneumonia caused by pneumococcus began to decline …

Background Pneumococcal polysaccharide conjugate vaccines prevent pneumococcal
disease in infants, but their efficacy against pneumococcal community-acquired pneumonia …

Background The choice of empirical antibiotic treatment for patients with clinically suspected
community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) who are admitted to non–intensive care unit (ICU) …

Background The burden of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) caused by Streptococcus
pneumoniae (pneumococcus) among adults in Europe is poorly defined. Methods …

Background Point-of-care tests could be essential in differentiating bacterial and viral acute
community-acquired lower respiratory tract infections and driving antibiotic stewardship in …

The addition of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) to the United States (US) national
immunization program led to significant reductions in incidence, mortality, and associated …

Pneumonia remains a major cause of childhood mortality and morbidity globally. Accurate
diagnosis and attribution of the causes of pneumonia are important for measuring the …

IL-22 plays a critical role in defending against mucosal infections, but how IL-22 production
is regulated is incompletely understood. Here, we show that mice lacking IL-33 or its …

The Community-Acquired Pneumonia immunization Trial in Adults (CAPiTA) evaluated older
adult pneumococcal vaccination and was one of the largest vaccine clinical trials ever …