Research suggests that expert understanding is characterized by coherent mental
representations featuring a high level of connectedness. This paper advances the idea that …

Over the last decades, a multitude of results in educational and psychological research have
shown that the implementation of multiple external representations (MERs) in educational …

This chapter provides an overview of different models and theories on learning with multiple
representations and outlines their importance for physics education. We distinguish between …

Game‐based learning (GBL) may address the unique characteristics of a single subject
such as chemistry. Previous systematic reviews on the effects of GBL have yielded …

Modern evolutionary theory is both a central theory and an integrative framework of the life
sciences. This is reflected in the common references to evolution in modern science …

Multiple external representations (MERs) are central to the practice and learning of science,
mathematics and engineering, as the phenomena and entities investigated and controlled in …

In recent years, researchers have become aware of the experiential grounding of scientific
thought. Accordingly, research has shown that metaphorical mappings between experience …

Regarding future ecological challenges, it is highly relevant for students to understand the
processes within ecosystems and the effects of external influences on their conservation …

Representational competence is essential for the acquisition of conceptual understanding in
physics. It enables the interpretation of diagrams, graphs, and mathematical equations, and …

Although learning about DNA, RNA, and proteins is part of the upper secondary biology
curriculum in most countries, many studies report that students fail to connect molecular …