Our sense of touch emerges from an array of mechanosensory structures residing within the
fabric of our skin. These tactile end organ structures convert innocuous forces acting on the …

The ability to sense physical forces is conserved across all organisms. Cells convert
mechanical stimuli into electrical or chemical signals via mechanically activated ion …

Ion channels play a central role in the regulation of nearly every cellular process. Dating
back to the classic 1952 Hodgkin–Huxley model of the generation of the action potential, ion …

Many crowded biomolecular structures in cells and tissues are inaccessible to labelling
antibodies. To understand how proteins within these structures are arranged with nanoscale …

The nodes of Ranvier have clustered Na+ and K+ channels necessary for rapid and efficient
axonal action potential conduction. However, detailed mechanisms of channel clustering …

The integrity of myelinated axons relies on homeostatic support from oligodendrocytes
(OLs). To determine how OLs detect axonal spiking and how rapid axon–OL metabolic …

INTRODUCTION Astrocytes support neuronal function throughout the central nervous
system. In the gray matter, they regulate synapse number during development, remove …

Microglia, the resident immune cells of the central nervous system, are key players in
healthy brain homeostasis and plasticity. In neurological diseases, such as Multiple …

Ultrasound modulates the electrical activity of excitable cells and offers advantages over
other neuromodulatory techniques; for example, it can be noninvasively transmitted through …

Physical forces are ubiquitous in biological processes across scales and diverse contexts.
This review highlights the significance of mechanical forces in nervous system development …