Stroke is a leading cause of mortality and disability worldwide, with most survivors reporting
dysfunctions of motor, sensation, deglutition, cognition, emotion, and speech, etc. Repetitive …

Objective To systematically review how patient characteristics and/or transcranial direct
current stimulation (tDCS) parameters influence tDCS effectiveness in respect to upper limb …

The stimulation of deep brain structures has thus far only been possible with invasive
methods. Transcranial electrical temporal interference stimulation (tTIS) is a novel …

Cortical and subcortical plastic reorganization occurs in the course of motor recovery after
stroke. It is largely accepted that plasticity of ipsilesional motor cortex primarily contributes to …

Central nervous system (CNS) injuries, including stroke, traumatic brain injury, and spinal
cord injury, are leading causes of long-term disability. It is estimated that more than half of …

Background Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is a promising intervention
for stroke rehabilitation. Several studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of rTMS in …

Objective A recent “bimodal-balance recovery” model suggests that contralesional influence
varies based on the amount of ipsilesional reserve: inhibitory when there is a large reserve …

Background and Objectives It is difficult to predict poststroke outcome for individuals with
severe motor impairment because both clinical tests and corticospinal tract (CST) …

Up to now, the mechanism of motor impairment and recovery after stroke has been thought
to be based on the interhemispheric competition model. According to this model, which …

Background Noninvasive brain stimulation (NIBS) is a promising technique for improving
upper limb motor performance post-stroke. Its application has been guided by the …