The molecular mechanisms of cellular insulin action have been the focus of much
investigation since the discovery of the hormone 100 years ago. Insulin action is impaired in …

The pathogenesis and clinical features of diabetic cardiomyopathy have been well-studied
in the past decade, but effective approaches to prevent and treat this disease are limited …

Biomarkers-guided precision therapeutics has revolutionized the clinical development and
administration of molecular-targeted anticancer agents. Tailored precision cancer therapy …

The 1921 discovery of insulin was a Big Bang from which a vast and expanding universe of
research into insulin action and resistance has issued. In the intervening century, some …

For many years, cardiovascular disease (CVD) has been the leading cause of death around
the world. Often associated with CVD are comorbidities such as obesity, abnormal lipid …

Porphyrins are important molecules widely found in nature in the form of enzyme active sites
and visible light absorption units. Recent interest in using these functional molecules as …

The Ser and Thr kinase AKT, also known as protein kinase B (PKB), was discovered 25
years ago and has been the focus of tens of thousands of studies in diverse fields of biology …

Nutritional excess is a major forerunner of type 2 diabetes. It enhances the secretion of
insulin, but attenuates insulin's metabolic actions in the liver, skeletal muscle and adipose …

PI3Ks are a family of lipid kinases that phosphorylate intracellular inositol lipids to regulate
signalling and intracellular vesicular traffic. Mammals have eight isoforms of PI3K, divided …

Fibrosis is the abnormal deposition of extracellular matrix, which can lead to organ
dysfunction, morbidity, and death. The disease burden caused by fibrosis is substantial, and …