The single gene, single protein, single function hypothesis is increasingly becoming
obsolete. Numerous studies have demonstrated that individual proteins can moonlight …

Proteins are macromolecules, which perform a large variety of functions. Most of them have
only a single function, but an increasing number of proteins are being identified as …

Pyruvate kinase isoform M2 (PKM2) is a glycolysis enzyme catalyzing conversion of
phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) to pyruvate by transferring a phosphate from PEP to ADP. We …

Molecular recognition between proteins and their interacting partners underlies the
biochemistry of living organisms. Specificity in this recognition is thought to be essential …

Sophisticated genetic tools have made possible the identification of the genes responsible
for most well-described immunodeficiencies in the past 15 years. Mutations in Btk …

The red blood cell depends solely on the anaerobic conversion of glucose by the Embden-
Meyerhof pathway for the generation and storage of high-energy phosphates, which is …

Evidence from many sources suggests that similar phenotypes are begotten by functionally
related genes. This is most obvious in the case of genetically heterogeneous diseases such …

Protein–protein interactions are fundamental to all biological processes, and a
comprehensive determination of all protein–protein interactions that can take place in an …

It is not often realized that the absolute protein specificity is an exception rather than a rule.
Two major kinds of protein multi-specificities are promiscuity and moonlighting. This review …

Aconitase, an enzyme possessing an iron–sulfur cluster that is sensitive to oxidation, is
involved in the regulation of cellular metabolism. There are two isoenzymes of aconitase …