Introduction In recent years, trace elements have gained importance as biomarkers in many
chronic diseases. Unfortunately, the requirement for sample volume increases with the …

Aim: To determine and compare the level of nickel and chromium in the saliva of patients
undergoing fixed orthodontic treatment at different time periods. Materials and Methods: The …

Space maintainers have presented an increased interest due to their chemical composition
which influences the electrochemical and electrolytic processes of the oral cavity, leading to …

The present study aimed to assess the level of metal ions [chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), iron
(Fe), manganese (Mn), nickel (Ni), and zinc (Zn)] in the serum of patients with fixed …

Objective: To compare levels of nickel and chromium in serum and urine in orthodontic
patients treated with fixed orthodontic appliances. Material and Methods: Nickel and …

Background and objectives: Most fixed orthodontic appliances are made of stainless steel
and Nickel-Titanium alloys, which can release metal ions into the oral cavity. The present …

Background: Human periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSC) are multipotent cells, derived
from periodontal ligament (PDL), that can attain the formation of new bone, cementum, and …

Objectives: Nickel is one of the common trace metal element used in industries. It has been
documented that even in small quantities, prolonged exposure to nickel is cytotoxic …

Metal ion release from dental implant systems, eg metallic alloys and pure metals, implanted
into the human body in dental/orthodontic surgery is becoming a major cause for concern …

AIMS: This invitro study was done to evaluate the chemical and biological properties of 4
brands of metal orthodontic brackets OBJECTIVES: 1. To analyse the chemical composition …