Background Acute rejection remains a vexing problem in vascularized composite
allotransplantation (VCA). Available immunosuppressive regimens are successful at …

Allograft rejection is one of the obstacles in achieving a successful vascularized composite
allotransplantation (VCA). Treatments of graft rejection with lifelong immunosuppression (IS) …

Functional outcomes have exceeded expectations. VCA recipients enjoy a quality of life not
achievable with conventional reconstruction. Outstanding long-term results of more than a …

With growing number of cases in recent years, composite tissue allotransplantation (CTA)
has been improving the quality of life of patient who seeks reconstruction and repair of …

The targeted delivery of therapeutic agents to secondary lymphoid organs (SLOs), which are
the niches for immune initiation, provides an unprecedented opportunity for immune …

The objective of this review is to summarize the collective knowledge regarding the risks and
complications in vascularized composite tissue allotransplantation (VCA), focusing on upper …

An improvement in outcomes after VCA transplantation has the potential to revolutionize the
field. Several effective therapeutic strategies have demonstrated great promise …

Acute rejection is not uncommon after vascularized composite allotransplantation. We
reported the effects of adjunctive topical immunosuppressant with topical tacrolimus …

Using the vascularized skin allograft (VSA) model, we compared the tolerogenic effects of
different allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT) delivery routes into …

We assessed cell subsets and expression of a set of genes related to the T‐cell populations
in peripheral blood mononuclear cells to elucidate whether immune status of stable hand …