The signaling lipid sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) plays critical roles in an immune
response. Drugs targeting S1P signaling have been remarkably successful in treatment of …

Embryonic germ cell migration is a vital component of the germline lifecycle. The
translocation of germ cells from the place of origin to the developing somatic gonad involves …

Colonial ascidians are the only chordates able to undergo whole body regeneration (WBR),
during which entire new bodies can be regenerated from small fragments of blood vessels …

Astrocytes play crucial roles in regulating neural circuit function by forming a dense network
of synapse-associated membrane specializations, but signaling pathways regulating …

Tunicates encompass a large group of marine filter‐feeding animals and more than half of
them are able to reproduce asexually by a particular form of nonembryonic development …

P-Rex1 (PIP3-dependent Rac exchanger 1, PREX1) is a Dbl-type guanine-nucleotide
exchange factor (GEF) that activates Rac-like small G proteins (small GTPases). P-Rex1 was …

Asexual propagation and whole body regeneration are forms of nonembryonic development
(NED) widespread across animal phyla and central in life history and evolutionary …

The painted urchin Lytechinus pictus is a sea urchin in the family Toxopneustidae and one
of several sea urchin species that are routinely used as an experimental research organism …

Regenerative ability is highly variable among the metazoans. While many invertebrate
organisms are capable of complete regeneration of entire bodies and organs, whole-organ …

Background Botryllid ascidians are a group of marine invertebrate chordates that are
colonial and grow by repeated rounds of asexual reproduction to form a colony of individual …