Conserving natural enemies has become the cornerstone for sustainable pest management.
Conservation is often attained through habitat manipulation in order to create suitable …

The shape of the interaction between three species: prey, predator, and super predator has
been considered in this work as a new predator-prey model. In this article, the fear of …

In the present study, we investigate the roles of fear, refuge and hunting cooperation on the
dynamics of a predator–prey system, where the predator population is subject to harvesting …

In this article, we study the dynamics of a three species food chain model for a predator–prey
system with hunting cooperation in predators; due to fear of predation risk, prey population …

The coupled parabolic nonlinear evolution equations that describe the temporal-spatio
dynamics of predator-prey systems and the nonlinear diffusion-reaction equations with …

Ecological system depends on prey predator interaction. Sometimes diseases are spread
among prey or predator or both species. In this paper, a disease control prey–predator …

The importance of fear, refuge and additional food is being increasingly recognized in recent
studies, but their combined effects need to be explored. In this paper, we investigate the joint …

In this paper, we propose a predator–prey model with herd behavior and prey-taxis. Then,
we analyze the stability and bifurcation of the positive equilibrium of the model subject to the …

In the present study, we investigate the dynamics of a generalist predator–prey system by
considering that the fear of predators suppresses the birth rate and enhances the …

This article investigates a prey–predator model incorporating a novel refuge proportional to
prey and inverse proportion to the predator. We find conditions for the local asymptotic …