Gender and biological sex impact the pathogenesis of numerous diseases, including
metabolic disorders such as diabetes. In most parts of the world, diabetes is more prevalent …

Obesity is associated with many adverse health effects, such as an increased
cardiometabolic risk. Despite higher adiposity for a given BMI, premenopausal women are at …

The manner in which white adipose tissue (WAT) expands and remodels directly impacts the
risk of developing metabolic syndrome in obesity. Preferential accumulation of visceral WAT …

Menopause is clinically diagnosed as a condition when a woman has not menstruated for
one year. During the menopausal transition period, there is an emergence of various lipid …

Estrogens have historically been associated with female reproduction, but work over the last
two decades established that estrogens and their main nuclear receptors (ESR1 and ESR2) …

The NIH has recently highlighted the importance of sexual dimorphisms and has mandated
inclusion of both sexes in clinical trials and basic research. In this review we highlight new …

Background The early life environment experienced by an individual in utero and during the
neonatal period is a major factor in shaping later life disease risk-including susceptibility to …

Adipose tissue is a complex, multicellular organ that profoundly influences the function of
nearly all other organ systems through its diverse metabolite and adipokine secretome …

BACKGROUND Obesity is caused by an imbalance between energy intake, ie eating and
energy expenditure (EE). Severe obesity is more prevalent in women than men worldwide …

Abstract Purpose of Review As the ongoing epidemic of adult and childhood obesity grows,
it puts a greater burden on individuals and the healthcare system due to increased …