The intestine represents the largest compartment of the immune system. It is continually
exposed to antigens and immunomodulatory agents from the diet and the commensal …

Despite our ability to suppress HIV-1 replication indefinitely in people on optimal combined
antiretroviral therapy (cART), HIV-1 persists as a stably integrated and replication-competent …

Inflammation in HIV infection is predictive of non-AIDS morbidity and death, higher set point
plasma virus load and virus acquisition; thus, therapeutic agents are in development to …

Lentiviruses have a long-documented association with macrophages. Abundant evidence
exists for in vitro and, in a tissue-specific manner, in vivo infection of macrophages by the …

Most HIV transmissions among men who have sex with men (MSM), the group that
accounted for 67% of new US infections in 2014, occur via exposure to the rectal mucosa …

HIV-1 has evolved mechanisms to evade host cell immune responses and persist for lifelong
infection. Latent cellular reservoirs are responsible for this persistence of HIV-1 despite the …

The global HIV epidemic has had the greatest impact on Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). An
estimated 67% of the 38.4 million people living with HIV (PLWH) globally in 2021 were from …

Current antiretroviral therapies have improved the duration and quality of life of people living
with HIV-1. However, viral reservoirs impede complete eradication of the virus. Although …

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is still one of the major global health issues, and
despite significant efforts that have been put into studying the pathogenesis of HIV infection …

Highlights•Mucosal barrier dysfunction is a key component of HIV transmission and
pathogenesis.•Inflammation results in mucosal damage, target cell accumulation, and …