This review summarizes the classification of tumors of the adrenal medulla and extra-
adrenal paraganglia as outlined in the 5th series of the WHO Classification of Endocrine and …

Pheochromocytomas/paragangliomas are characterized by a unique molecular landscape
that allows their assignment to clusters based on underlying genetic alterations. With around …

Variation in the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequence is common in certain tumours. Two
classes of cancer mtDNA variants can be identified: de novo mutations that act as 'inducers' …

Pheochromocytoma and Paraganglioma Pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma are
related tumors that differ mainly in location; pheochromocytomas are adrenal, and …

As an essential organelle in nucleated eukaryotic cells, mitochondria play a central role in
energy metabolism, maintenance of redox balance, and regulation of apoptosis …

Fumarate hydratase (FH) is an enzyme of the Tricarboxylic Acid (TCA) cycle whose
mutations lead to hereditary and sporadic forms of cancer. Although more than twenty years …

A molecular biology–based taxonomy has been proposed for pheochromocytoma and
paraganglioma (PPGL). Data from the Cancer Genome Atlas revealed clinically relevant …

Metastasis is the most frequent cause of death in cancer patients. Epithelial-to-mesenchymal
transition (EMT) is the process in which cells lose epithelial integrity and become motile, a …

Pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas (PPGLs) are rare neuroendocrine tumors that
arise from chromaffin cells of the adrenal medulla and the sympathetic/parasympathetic …

Paragangliomas and phaeochromocytomas are neuroendocrine tumours whose
pathogenesis and progression are very strongly influenced by genetics. A germline mutation …