Because of the environmental and economic casualties of biofouling on maritime navigation,
modern studies have been devoted toward formulating advanced nanoscale composites in …

A variety of functional polymer brushes and coatings have been developed for combating
marine biofouling and biocorrosion with much less environmental impact than traditional …

Marine biofouling profoundly influences marine industries and activities. It slows the speed
and increases the fuel consumption of ships, corrodes offshore platforms, and blocks …

Abstract'Marine biofouling', the undesired growth of marine organisms such as
microorganisms, barnacles and seaweeds on submerged surfaces, is a global problem for …

The term fouling generally refers to an undesirable process in which a surface becomes
encrusted with material from the surrounding environment. In the case of biofouling, that …

Antifouling (AF) biocides are the active ingredients in AF paints that prevent the settlement,
adhesion and growth of organisms to a painted surface. A wide range of chemicals are used …

Following the ban in 2003 on the use of tributyl-tin compounds in antifouling coatings, the
search for an environmentally-friendly alternative has accelerated. Biocidal TBT alternatives …

Biofouling on ships and boats, characterized by aquatic bacteria and small organisms
attaching to the hull, is an important global issue, since over 80000 tons of antifouling paint …

Chemical halogenation is an important transformation in organic synthesis. Halogenations
involve the use of reactive and toxic halogens (X 2) or hydrogen halides (HX). Chemical …

In the past years, research into surfaces that inhibit marine biofouling has focused on
designing environmentally friendly materials due to current bans on toxic coatings. This …