The breeding densities of many bird-species which nest in tree cavities are in some areas
limited by shortage of sites. This is evident from circumstantial evidence in which the …

Competition has always been a cornerstone of evolutionary biology, and aggression is the
predominant form of direct competition in animals, but the evolutionary effects of aggression …

Two‐species occupancy models that account for false absences provide a robust method for
testing for evidence of competitive exclusion, but previous model parameterizations were …

During the course of 40 years of observations, we found that the mean date at which a
population of Great Tits (Parus major) starts to lay varies from 10 April to 10 May. Clutch size …

Predictions about the fate of species or populations under climate change scenarios
typically neglect adaptive evolution and phenotypic plasticity, the two major mechanisms by …

Evolutionary theory predicts that local population divergence will depend on the balance
between the diversifying effect of selection and the homogenizing effect of gene flow …

Deterioration of reproductive traits with age is observed in an increasing number of species.
Although such deterioration is often attributed to reproductive senescence, a within …

Black swans are improbable events that nonetheless occur—often with profound
consequences. Such events drive important transitions in social systems (eg, banking …

Breeding densities of secondary (ie, nonexcavating) cavity-nesting birds are often assumed
to be limited by availability of nest sites. We investigated this assumption for species …

The wild pig (Sus scrofa) is a successful invasive species that has become well established
outside of its native range in Eurasia. The invasive wild pig is the result of released or …