Many features of the environment have been found to exert an important influence on
cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk, progression, and severity. Changes in the environment …

Tobacco smoking is a major public health threat for both smokers and nonsmokers. There is
accumulating evidence demonstrating that smoking causes several human diseases …

Acetaldehyde, acrolein, and formaldehyde are the principal toxic aldehydes present in
cigarette smoke and contribute to the risk of cardiovascular disease and noncancerous …

Heterogeneity in the clinical presentation of SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19
progression underscores the urgent need to identify individual-level susceptibility factors …

Cigarette smoke is an aerosol that contains> 4,000 chemicals, including nicotine, carbon
monoxide, acrolein, and oxidant compounds. Exposure to cigarette smoke induces multiple …

Electronic cigarettes or e-cigarettes are the most frequently used tobacco product among
adolescents. Despite the widespread use of e-cigarettes and the known detrimental cardiac …

Hookah or waterpipe smoking or use is an emerging trend in the US population, especially
among the youth. The misperception of hookah being less harmful than cigarettes and the …

Background Acrolein is a reactive aldehyde present in high amounts in coal, wood, paper,
and tobacco smoke. It is also generated endogenously by lipid peroxidation and the …

Background Cardiovascular disease is the main cause of death in the United States, with
smoking being the primary preventable cause of premature death, and thrombosis being the …

Cigarette smoking is the most preventable risk factor related to cardiovascular morbidity and
mortality. Tobacco usage has declined in recent years; however, the use of alternative …