The definitive treatment for end-stage organ failure is orthotopic transplantation. However,
the demand for transplantation far exceeds the number of available donor organs. A …

Critical size skeletal defects resulting from trauma and pathological disorders still remain a
major clinical problem worldwide. Bone engineering aims at generating unlimited amounts …

Congenital defects, trauma, and disease can compromise the integrity and functionality of
the skeletal system to the extent requiring implantation of bone grafts. Engineering of viable …

In extensive bone defects, tissue damage and hypoxia lead to cell death, resulting in slow
and incomplete healing. Human embryonic stem cells (hESC) can give rise to all specialized …

Guided tissue regeneration (GTR) membranes have been used for the management of
destructive forms of periodontal disease as a means of aiding regeneration of lost …

Human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have huge potential for regenerative medicine. In
particular, the use of pluripotent stem cell-derived mesenchymal stem cells (PSC-MSCs) …

Bone repair and regeneration is a dynamic process that involves a complex interplay
between the (1) ground substance;(2) cells; and (3) milieu. Each constituent is integral to the …

Decellularized bone has been widely used as a scaffold for bone formation, due to its
similarity to the native bone matrix and excellent osteoinductive and biomechanical …

Porous microspheres have the potential for use as injectable bone fillers to obviate the need
for open surgery. Successful bone fillers must be able to support vascularisation since tissue …

Background Human mesenchymal stem cells are a strong candidate for cell therapies owing
to their regenerative potential, paracrine regulatory effects, and immunomodulatory activity …