Purpose: To evaluate if jugular vein flow restoration in various venographic defects
indicative of chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency (CCSVI) in multiple sclerosis (MS) …

Purpose This study aimed to investigate Doppler characteristics of maternal internal jugular
veins in uncomplicated pregnancies vs. those affected by hypertensive disorders. Materials …

Introduction Venous bed specificity could contribute to differential vulnerability to thrombus
formation, and is potentially reflected in mRNA profiles. Materials and methods Microarray …

The aim of this study is to evaluate whether cerebral inflow and outflow abnormalities,
assessed by the means of a validated ultrasound model, could be associated with Sudden …

Chronic Cerebrospinal Venous Insufficiency (CCSVI) is a medical disorder initially
documented by Zamboni, which is distinguished by the impeded drainage of cerebrospinal …

Because the internal jugular vein (IJV) valve is the only protective valve between the brain
and heart, recent studies have focused on the dynamic behaviour of the valve and its …

Obstructive malformations of the internal jugular veins represent a relatively new clinical
problem, which as of yet has not been fully understood. In normal subjects, the internal …

Objectives: Chronic Migraine (CM) is characterized by recur-rent head pain often associated
with electroencephalogram (EEG) abnormalities and asymmetry of intracranial venous …

Background Venous insufficiency in multiple sclerosis (MS) has often been associated with
immobile valves in the tributary veins of the brachiocephalic veins (BVs) and the superior …

Background Migraine with and without aura is a widespread disease characterized by
recurrent pain involving only one side of the head matched by nausea, vomiting …