Crop protection in European greenhouses became strongly chemically oriented shortly after
the Second World War in the 1950s. But an excellent climate for fast reproduction of pests …

The goal of banker plant systems is to sustain a reproducing population of natural enemies
within a crop that will provide long-term pest suppression. The most common banker plant …

An undergraduate and postgraduate textbook covering the key principles, methodologies,
approaches and practical examples of insect pest management in agricultural, post harvest …

Augmentative biological control, where natural enemies are periodically introduced, is
commercially applied over large areas in various cropping systems worldwide. It is a popular …

▪ Abstract Encarsia formosa is a parasitoid used worldwide for the biological control of
whiteflies on vegetables and ornamental plants grown in greenhouses. Because of …

In the banker plant method, long-lasting rearing units for beneficials are created in the crop
by distributing plants infested with herbivores or carrying other food items, such as pollen …

In crop systems, different types of plant or secondary crop may be grown together with the
primary crop for pest management purposes. These additional plants–henceforth called …

The use of biological control agents has been increasing worldwide and there are now
many companies mass-producing such organisms, particularly for the control of insect pests …

Two impulsive models of integrated pest management (IPM) strategies are proposed, one
with fixed intervention times and the other with these unfixed. The first model allows natural …

A state-dependent impulsive model is proposed for integrated pest management (IPM). IPM
involves combining biological, mechanical, and chemical tactics to reduce pest numbers to …