Macrophage cell fusion and multinucleation are fundamental processes in the formation of
multinucleated giant cells (MGCs) in chronic inflammatory disease and osteoclasts in the …

Abstract Purpose of Review The term osteopetrosis refers to a group of rare skeletal
diseases sharing the hallmark of a generalized increase in bone density owing to a defect in …

Osteopetrosis is a condition characterized by increased bone mass due to defects in
osteoclast function or formation. In the last decades, the molecular dissection of …

Osteoclasts are large multinucleated cells exquisitely adapted to resorb bone matrix. Like
other eukaryotes, osteoclasts possess an elaborate ensemble of intracellular organelles …

Tightly regulated and cell-specific NADPH-oxidases (Nox) represent one of the major
sources of reactive oxygen species (ROS) signaling molecules that are involved in tissue …

Macroautophagy promotes cellular homeostasis by delivering cytoplasmic constituents to
lysosomes for degradation [Mizushima, Nat. Cell Biol. 20, 521–527 (2018)]. However, while …

Small guanosine triphosphate hydrolases (GTPases) of the Rab family are involved in
plasma membrane delivery, fusion events, and lysosomal and autophagic degradation …

Multinucleated osteoclasts, essential for skeletal remodeling in health and disease, are
formed by the fusion of osteoclast precursors, where each fusion event raises their bone …

Preclinical models (typically the ovariectomized rat and genetically altered mice) have
underpinned much of what we know about skeletal biology. They have been pivotal for …

The identification of more reliable diagnostic or prognostic biomarkers in age-related
neurodegenerative diseases, such as Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), is urgently …