Great successes have been achieved in developing small-molecule kinase inhibitors as
anticancer therapeutic agents. However, kinase deregulation plays essential roles not only …

The p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38MAPK, termed here p38) cascade is a central
signaling pathway that transmits stress and other signals to various intracellular targets in …

The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) p38 is an essential family of kinases,
regulating responses to environmental stress and inflammation. There is an ever-increasing …

Objectives Anlotinib hydrochloride (AL3818) is a novel multitarget tyrosine kinase inhibitor
which has the same targets as nintedanib, an effective drug has been approved for the …

Cancer risks from radiation can be observed as an increase in mortality when compared to a
control group. However, it is unknown if this increased risk results from the induction of …

Highlights•Obstructive pulmonary disease is caused by inflammation.•Inflammatory signals
activate kinase signaling pathways.•Kinases regulate transcription factors that modulate the …

The respiratory tract is constantly exposed to environmental aggressions including
allergens, infections, and pollution. The immune system is pivotal to fight potential invaders …

Aging is the process spontaneously occurred in living organisms. Cardiac fibrosis is a
pathophysiological process of cardiac aging. Mangiferin is a well-known C-glucoside …

Aberrant communication in alveolar epithelium is a major feature of inflammatory response
for the airway remodeling leading to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). In this …

Purpose/Objective. Inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) are the most effective treatment for asthma.
However, some asthmatic patients do not respond to ICS treatment due to insensitivity. Thus …