Phenotypic plasticity, both within and across generations, is an important mechanism that
organisms use to cope with rapid climate change. While an increasing number of studies …

Phenotypic plasticity, if adaptive, may allow species to counter the detrimental effects of
extreme conditions, but the infrequent occurrence of extreme environments and/or their …

Life-history traits or “fitness components”—such as age and size at maturity, fecundity and
fertility, age-specific rates of survival, and life span—are the major phenotypic determinants …

The National Research Council issued a report in 2009 that heavily criticized the forensic
sciences. The report made several recommendations that if addressed would allow the …

Many ectotherms exhibit striking latitudinal gradients in lifespan. However, it is unclear
whether lifespan gradients in distantly related taxa share a common mechanistic …

Vector life-history traits and parasite development respond in strongly nonlinear ways to
changes in temperature. These thermal sensitivities create the potential for climate change …

Seasonal environmental heterogeneity is cyclic, persistent and geographically widespread.
In species that reproduce multiple times annually, environmental changes across seasonal …

Aging or senescence is an age-dependent decline in physiological function,
demographically manifest as decreased survival and fecundity with increasing age. Since …

Latitudinal clines are widespread in Drosophila melanogaster, and many have been
interpreted as adaptive responses to climatic variation. However, the selective mechanisms …

The phenotypic plasticity of traits, defined as the ability of a genotype to express different
phenotypic values of the trait across a range of environments, can vary between habitats …