ERK1 and ERK2 are related protein-serine/threonine kinases that participate in the Ras-Raf-
MEK-ERK signal transduction cascade. This cascade participates in the regulation of a large …

The MAPK cascades are central signaling pathways that regulate a wide variety of
stimulated cellular processes, including proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis and stress …

The extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) cascade is a central signaling
pathway that regulates a wide variety of stimulated cellular processes, including mainly …

Adult-onset neurodegenerative disorders are disabling and often fatal diseases of the
nervous system whose underlying mechanisms of cell death remain unknown. Defects in …

Eukaryotic mitochondria resulted from symbiotic incorporation of α-proteobacteria into
ancient archaea species. During evolution, mitochondria lost most of the prokaryotic …

The ERK 1/2 signalling pathway is best known for its role in connecting activated growth
factor receptors to changes in gene expression due to activated ERK 1/2 entering the …

Tumor cells require increased adenosine triphosphate (ATP) to support anabolism and
proliferation. The precise mechanisms regulating this process in tumor cells are unknown …

Despite the fact that deregulated NLRP3 inflammasome activation contributes to the
pathogenesis of chronic inflammatory or metabolic disorders, the underlying mechanism by …

This review presents current knowledge related to VDAC1 as a multi-functional
mitochondrial protein acting on both sides of the coin, regulating cell life and death, and …

Background Mitochondrial dynamics underlies malignant transformation, cancer
progression, and response to treatment. Current research presents conflicting evidence for …