Immunotherapy has emerged as a promising treatment paradigm for many malignancies
and is transforming the drug development landscape. Although immunotherapeutic agents …

The diverse biological activity of interleukin-6 (IL-6) contributes to the maintenance of
homeostasis. Emergent infection or tissue injury induces rapid production of IL-6 and …

Tocilizumab (TCZ), a monoclonal antibody against interleukin‐6 (IL‐6), emerged as an
alternative treatment for COVID‐19 patients with a risk of cytokine storms recently. In the …

Background Tocilizumab (TCZ), a humanized monoclonal antibody targeting the interleukin-
6 (IL-6) receptor, has been proposed for the treatment of COVID-19 patients; however …

The global obesity epidemic is a major contributor to chronic disease and disability in the
world today. Since the discovery of leptin in 1994, a multitude of studies have characterized …

Background Patients with severe COVID-19 develop a life-threatening hyperinflammatory
response to the virus. Interleukin (IL)-1 or IL-6 inhibitors have been used to treat this patient …

Since the outbreak of COVID-19 many studies have been published showing possible
therapies, here the author discusses the end of stage disease related drugs, like …

Influenza viruses are still a serious threat to human health. Cytokines are essential for cell-to-
cell communication and viral clearance in the immune system, but excessive cytokines can …

Administration of cisplatin, a common chemotherapeutic drug, has an inevitable side effect
of sensorineural hearing loss. The main etiologies are stria vascularis injury, spiral ganglion …

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infects both people and
animals and may cause significant respiratory problems, including lung illness: Corona …