Many physiologic effects of l-glutamate, the major excitatory neurotransmitter in the
mammalian central nervous system, are mediated via signaling by ionotropic glutamate …

The identification of anti-NMDA receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis about 12 years ago made it
possible to recognise that some patients with rapidly progressive psychiatric symptoms or …

Importance Overall, immunotherapy has been shown to improve outcomes and reduce
relapses in individuals withN-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) antibody encephalitis …

There is increasing recognition in the neurological and psychiatric literature of patients with
so-called isolated psychotic presentations (ie, with no, or minimal, neurological features) …

Background Herpes simplex encephalitis can trigger autoimmune encephalitis that leads to
neurological worsening. We aimed to assess the frequency, symptoms, risk factors, and …

The blood-brain barrier (BBB) plays a key role in maintaining the specialized
microenvironment of the central nervous system (CNS), and enabling communication with …

Investigations in the last 10 years have revealed a new category of neurological diseases
mediated by antibodies against cell surface and synaptic proteins. There are currently 16 …

Objective To create an international consensus treatment recommendation for pediatric
NMDA receptor antibody encephalitis (NMDARE). Methods After selection of a panel of 27 …

Epilepsy is the tendency to have unprovoked epileptic seizures. Anything causing structural
or functional derangement of brain physiology may lead to seizures, and different conditions …

Background. Encephalitis continues to result in substantial morbidity and mortality
worldwide. Advances in diagnosis and management have been limited, in part, by a lack of …