Highlights•Molecular farming has become established in niche markets.•Mucosally
delivered products benefit from in planta bioencapsulation.•Synthetic biology/genome …

The idea of producing vaccines in plants originated in the late 1980s. Initially, it was
contemplated that this notion could facilitate the concept of edible vaccines, making them …

The use of food-grade organisms as recombinant vaccine expression hosts and delivery
vehicles has been explored during the past 25 years, opening new avenues for vaccinology …

Chloroplasts play a great role for sustained wellbeing of life on the planet. They have the
power and raw materials that can be used as sophisticated biological factories. They are rich …

The shared diseases between animals and humans are known as zoonotic diseases and
spread infectious diseases among humans. Zoonotic diseases are not only a major burden …

The lethality of infectious diseases has decreased due to the implementation of crucial
sanitary procedures such as vaccination. However, the resurgence of pathogenic diseases …

Highlights•Concept of plant-based biofactories for therapeutics and biologics.•Industrial
preference of transient expression system—agroinfiltration.•Advancement of virus-like …

Many pathogenic viral pandemics have caused threats to global health; the COVID-19
pandemic is the latest. Its transmission is growing exponentially all around the globe, putting …

Plastid transformation has emerged as an alternative platform to generate transgenic plants.
Attractive features of this technology include specific integration of transgenes—either …

Tremendous advances in crop biotechnology related to the availability of molecular tools
and methods developed for transformation and regeneration of specific plant species have …