Immunotherapy has recently garnered plenty of attention to improve the clinical outcomes in
the treatment of various diseases. However, owing to the dynamic nature of the immune …

Transdermal vaccination route using biodegradable microneedles is a rapidly progressing
field of research and applications. The fear of painful needles is one of the primary reasons …

Microneedle patches, also called microarray patches (MAP), are an emerging technology for
delivery and sampling of drugs, vaccines and other materials. This review focuses on the …

Alopecia is defined as hair loss in a part of the head due to various causes, such as drugs,
stress and autoimmune disorders. Various therapeutic agents have been suggested …

Hemorrhage, as a common trauma injury and clinical postoperative complication, may
cause serious damage to the body, especially for patients with huge blood loss and …

Materials derived from natural plants and animals have great potential for transdermal drug
delivery. Polysaccharides are widely derived from marine, herbal, and microbial sources …

Microneedle arrays (MNAs) are small patches containing hundreds of short projections that
deliver signals directly to dermal layers without causing pain. These technologies are of …

Transdermal drug delivery is considered one of the most attractive routes for administration
of pharmaceutic and cosmetic active ingredients due to the numerous advantages …

ABSTRACT A microneedle array patch (MAP) has been developed as a new delivery
system for vaccines. Preclinical and clinical trials with a vaccine MAP showed improved …

In recent years, transdermal drug delivery based on microneedles (MNs) technology has
received extensive attention, which offers a safer and painless alternative to hypodermic …