The electrically pumped vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) was first
demonstrated with metal cavities by Iga (1979); however, the device threshold current was …

Single-mode VCSEL technology has advanced significantly in the past few years. The
advantages of single-mode VCSELs lie primarily on the narrower linewidth, lower numerical …

This paper is going to review the state-of-the-art of the high-speed 850/940-nm vertical
cavity surface emitting laser (VCSEL), discussing the structural design, mode control and the …

A 850 nm single-mode vertical cavity surface emitting laser (VCSEL)-based data
transmission is demonstrated, enabling four-level pulse amplitude modulation (PAM-4) at 64 …

Persistent efforts on developing advanced and complex data algorithms to enable the
vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) for data beyond 100-Gbit/s has been …

To realize the superiority of data transmission with reduced modal dispersion in OM4-and
OM5-mulitmode fiber (MMF), a single transverse mode (SM) vertical cavity surface emitting …

In view of the realization of short-and medium-range Mobile Front-Haul connections for
present (LTE) and future (5G) cellular networks, a cost effective, low-consumption radio over …

In this work, we proposed an intelligent 2-dimensional soft decision (2D SD) enabled by k-
means clustering, for vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) based 112-Gbps PAM-4 …

The transmission performances of the tri-mode vertical cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL)
carrying 16-quadrature amplitude modulation orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (16 …

Recently, GaN-based light-emitting diodes (LEDs) find their applications in, other than
general lighting, visible light communication (VLC) for high-speed wireless data networks …