Two factors have elevated recent academic and policy interest in tropical deforestation: first,
the realization that it is a major contributor to climate change; and second, a revolution in …

Land use is regulated through various mixes of command-and-control interventions that
directly affect land use via land use restrictions, and other public interventions that indirectly …

Area-based protection is the cornerstone of international conservation policy. The
contribution of Indigenous Lands (ILs)—areas traditionally owned, managed, used or …

One-sixth of the global terrestrial surface now falls within protected areas (PAs), making it
essential to understand how far they mitigate the increasing pressures on nature which …

The livelihoods of indigenous peoples, custodians of the world's forests since time
immemorial, were eroded as colonial powers claimed de jure control over their ancestral …

Brazil's environmental legislation obliges private properties to retain a fixed proportion of
their total area with native vegetation, the so-called “Legal Reserves”. Those areas …

Protected areas in tropical countries are managed under different governance regimes, the
relative effectiveness of which in avoiding deforestation has been the subject of recent …

Abstract The Government of Indonesia has committed to reducing emissions from
deforestation and forest degradation. However, the country suffers from one of the most …

Protected areas are controversial because they are so important for conservation and
because they distribute fortune and misfortune unevenly. The nature of that distribution, as …

Deforestation and degradation are tied to a complex array of socioeconomic and political
factors. Many assume that among the most important of these are the particular bundles of …