Maintenance of endothelial cell integrity is an important component of human health and
disease since the endothelium can perform various functions including regulation of …

In response to a wide range of stimulations, host cells activate pyroptosis, a kind of
inflammatory cell death which is provoked by the cytosolic sensing of danger signals and …

Atherosclerotic vascular disease and its complications are among the top causes of mortality
worldwide. In the vascular lumen, atherosclerotic plaques are not randomly distributed …

The mitochondria are essential organelles that generate large amounts of ATP via the
electron transport chain (ECT). Mitochondrial dysfunction causes reactive oxygen species …

Pyroptosis, a newly discovered form of programmed cell death, is characterized by cell
swelling, the protrusion of large bubbles from the plasma membrane and cell lysis. This …

Ischemia‐reperfusion injury (IRI) refers to a syndrome in which tissue damage is further
aggravated and organ function further deteriorates when blood flow is restored after a period …

Vascular endothelial cells (VECs), which are lined up in the inner surface of blood vessels,
are in direct contact with the metabolite-related endogenous danger signals in the …

Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disorder characterized by the gradual buildup of
plaques within the vessel wall of middle-sized and large arteries. The occurrence and …

Background Following an acute myocardial infarction (MI), patients with persistently
elevated biomarkers of inflammation, in particular C-reactive protein (CRP), are at …

Metformin, a well‐known AMPK agonist, has been widely used as the first‐line drug for
treating type 2 diabetes. There had been a significant concern regarding the use of …