This review examines the dichotomy between automatic and autonomous behaviors in
surgical robots, maps the possible levels of autonomy of these robots, and describes the …

This article establishes a comprehensive review of all the different methods proposed by the
literature concerning augmented reality in intra-abdominal minimally invasive surgery (also …

Telesurgical robotics, as a technical solution for robot-assisted minimally invasive surgery
(RAMIS), has become the first domain within medicosurgical robotics that achieved a true …

Upon publication almost 15 years ago, the first edition almost instantly became a trusted
reference, setting the stage for the coming decade, in which the explosion in research and …

Purpose Surgical workflow and skill analysis are key technologies for the next generation of
cognitive surgical assistance systems. These systems could increase the safety of the …

In recent years, digital endoscopy has established as key technology for medical screenings
and minimally invasive surgery. Since then, various research communities with manifold …

Background Augmented reality (AR) technology is used to reconstruct three-dimensional
(3D) images of hepatic and biliary structures from computed tomography and magnetic …

Augmented reality systems can combine virtual images with a real environment to ensure
accurate surgery with lower risk. This study aimed to develop a novel registration and …

Worldwide, more than 80% of people with cancer will require surgery during their disease
course, but less than 25% have access to safe, affordable and timely surgery. Among the …

Augmented Reality has been utilized for surgical training. During the implementation,
displaying instructional information at the right moment is critical for skill acquisition. We built …