Executive summary “Depression is a disorder of mood, so mysteriously painful and elusive
in the way it becomes known to the self—to the mediating intellect—as to verge close to …

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a psychiatric disease of still poorly understood
molecular etiology. Extensive studies at different molecular levels point to a high complexity …

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a maladaptive and debilitating psychiatric disorder,
characterized by re-experiencing, avoidance, negative emotions and thoughts, and …

This narrative state-of-the-art review paper describes the progress in the understanding and
treatment of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). Over the last four decades, the scientific …

A large body of evidence has demonstrated that exposure to childhood maltreatment at any
stage of development can have long-lasting consequences. It is associated with a marked …

Early life adversity (ELA) is a major risk factor for mental illness, but the neurobiological
mechanisms by which ELA increases the risk for future psychopathology are still poorly …

Multiple recent studies highlight that genetic variants can have strong impacts on a
significant proportion of the human DNA methylome. Methylation quantitative trait loci, or …

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is widely accepted for its involvement in resilience
and antidepressant drug action, is a common genetic locus of risk for mental illnesses, and …

Early life stressors display a high universal prevalence and constitute a major public health
problem. Prolonged psychoneurobiological alterations as sequelae of early life stress (ELS) …

Crosstalk between inflammatory pathways and neurocircuits in the brain can lead to
behavioural responses, such as avoidance and alarm, that are likely to have provided early …