Maintenance of endothelial cell integrity is an important component of human health and
disease since the endothelium can perform various functions including regulation of …

The prevalence of cardiovascular and metabolic disease coupled with kidney dysfunction is
increasing worldwide. This triad of disorders is associated with considerable morbidity and …

Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a group of inherited disorders caused by mutations in HBB,
which encodes haemoglobin subunit β. The incidence is estimated to be between 300,000 …

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are reactive intermediates of molecular oxygen that act as
important second messengers within the cells; however, an imbalance between generation …

Nitric oxide (NO) signalling has pleiotropic roles in biology and a crucial function in
cardiovascular homeostasis. Tremendous knowledge has been accumulated on the …

Hypertension is a complex condition and is the most common cardiovascular risk factor,
contributing to widespread morbidity and mortality. Approximately 90% of hypertension …

The vascular endothelium is a multifunctional organ and is critically involved in modulating
vascular tone and structure. Endothelial cells produce a wide range of factors that also …

Nitric oxide (NO), the smallest signalling molecule known, is produced by three isoforms of
NO synthase (NOS; EC 1.14. 13.39). They all utilize l-arginine and molecular oxygen as …

Atherosclerosis is a chronic progressive vascular disease. It starts early in life, has a long
asymptomatic phase, and a progression accelerated by various cardiovascular risk factors …

The positive findings of the EMPA-REG OUTCOME trial (Randomized, Placebo-Controlled
Cardiovascular Outcome Trial of Empagliflozin) on heart failure (HF) outcome in patients …