Natural selection is conventionally assumed to favour the strong and selfish who maximize
their own resources at the expense of others. But many biological systems, and especially …

This article surveys recent research on the relationship between trust and growth. It
documents the strong international and interregional heterogeneity of trust. The theoretical …

Принято считать, что существующие различия в экономике, политике и обществе
отражают влияние различных институтов. Но среди экономистов, политологов и …

This survey reviews the recent research on trust, institutions, and economic development. It
discusses the various measures of trust and documents the substantial heterogeneity of trust …

A growing experimental literature studies the determinants of cooperation in infinitely
repeated games, tests different predictions of the theory, and suggests an empirical solution …

Though both journalists and the academic literature on ethnic conflict give the opposite
impression, peaceful and even cooperative relations between ethnic groups are far more …

What is the role of law in a society in which order is maintained mostly through social norms,
trust, and nonlegal sanctions? Eric Posner argues that social norms are sometimes …

How can property rights be protected and contracts be enforced in countries where the rule
of law is ineffective or absent? How can firms from advanced market economies do business …

Networks pervade social and economic life, and they play a prominent role in explaining a
huge variety of social and economic phenomena. Standard economic theory did not give …

We examine the informal exchange of favors in societies such that any two individuals
interact too infrequently to sustain exchange, but such that the social pressure of the …